This study deals with the electoral behavior and protest movements in Russia during the last 2011 legislative and 2012 presidential elections. First of all, its main purposes are to determine, in a quantitative approach, the electoral preferences of Russians during the electoral campaigns of 2011-2012, as well as the principal explanatory voting factors during these elections; secondly, using a quantitative and qualitative approaches, to analyze the reasons behind the appearance of those protest movements in the main cities of the country, as a consequence of 2011 legislative elections, and also to study their eventual impact on the 2012 presidential elections electoral behavior. This investigation intends to bring a new knowledge to Russian electoral behavior scientific area, and, in addition, to enlighten the reader about the development of protest movements in Russia. Keywords: , , , , , , , .