Acreditações
Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES-Iscte)
Gestão de Doutoramentos
Edifício 4, sala 329
doutoramentos.cies@iscte-iul.pt
(+351) 210 464 195
2.ª f - 6.ª f, 10:00 - 13:00 / 14:00 - 18:00
Plano de Estudos para 2025/2026
| Unidades curriculares | Créditos | |
|---|---|---|
| 1º Ano | ||
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Seminário de Projecto em Ciências da Comunicação
18.0 ECTS
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Investigação em Ciências da Comunicação
6.0 ECTS
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Métodos Avançados em Ciências da Comunicação
6.0 ECTS
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Estudos de Internet
6.0 ECTS
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Media e Mediações Socioculturais
6.0 ECTS
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Comunicação Estratégica
6.0 ECTS
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Estágio de 2º Ciclo
6.0 ECTS
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| 2º Ano | ||
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Tese em Ciências da Comunicação
120.0 ECTS
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Seminário de Projecto em Ciências da Comunicação
O estudante que complete com sucesso esta UC será capaz de:
OA1. Identificar os requisitos e as componentes principais de um projeto de investigação na área das ciências da comunicação, com parâmetros académicos exigentes em termos de qualidade e ética;
OA2. Conceber um projeto de tese de doutoramento em ciências da comunicação que contribua para o avanço do conhecimento sobre fenómenos sociais, económicos, políticos e culturais tendo por objeto o estudo da comunicação e/ou dos instrumentos teóricos e metodológicos das ciências da comunicação, como por exemplo os métodos digitais, a um nível suscetível de publicação científica;
OA3. Planear o desenvolvimento da investigação de maneira consistente, exequível e ajustada ao período de tempo disponível para a realização da tese de doutoramento.
CP1. A investigação em ciências da comunicação: objetivos, modalidades e resultados.
CP2. Projetos de investigação científica, enquadramento em centros de investigação, publicação científica.
CP3. Tipos de pesquisa e estratégias de investigação. Teoria e investigação empírica. Problemas de operacionalização. Familiarização e distanciamento: Problemas de interferência. Teorias auxiliares de pesquisa. Níveis de análise. Modos de inferência. Modos de explicação.
CP4. Questões éticas na investigação em ciências da comunicação.
CP5. Desenho da pesquisa e componentes do projeto de investigação.
A avaliação incide sobre:
i) a participação no seminário;
ii) a elaboração de um projeto de investigação para tese de doutoramento, apresentado em documento escrito segundo modelo FCT.
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Esser, A. (2020) ‘The appeal of ‘authenticity’: Danish TV series and UK audiences’. In Jensen, P.M. and Jacobsen, U.C. (eds.) The Global Audiences of Danish Television Drama. Gothenburg: Nordicom.
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Freedman, D. (2012) ‘The Phone Hacking Scandal: Implications for Regulation’, Television & New Media, 13(1), pp. 17–20. doi: 10.1177/1527476411425253.
Freedman, D. (2014) ´Metrics, models and the meaning of media ownership’, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 20:2, pp. 170-185, doi: 10.1080/10286632.2012.752821.
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Gauchat, G. (2012) ‘Politicization of Science in the Public Sphere: A Study of Public Trust in the United States, 1974 to 2010’, American Sociological Review, 77(2), pp. 167–187. doi: 10.1177/0003122412438225.
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Geiger, R. S. (2017) ‘Beyond opening up the black box: Investigating the role of algorithmic systems in Wikipedian organizational culture’, Big Data & Society. doi: 10.1177/2053951717730735.
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Gillespie, T. (2018) Custodians of the Internet. Platforms, Content Moderation and Hidden Decision that Shape Social Media. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Gillespie, T. (2020) ‘Content moderation, AI, and the question of scale’, Big Data & Society. doi: 10.1177/2053951720943234.
Gillespie, T. & Seaver, N. (2016) ‘Critical algorithm studies: A reading lis’. Available at: https://socialmediacollective.org/reading-lists/critical-algorithm-studies/
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Investigação em Ciências da Comunicação
No final da unidade curricular os estudantes deverão ser capazes de:
OA1 - Perceber as várias etapas de uma investigação em ciências da comunicação.
OA2 - Efetuar uma revisão da literatura sobre um (sub)campo científico da sua tese, conseguido sistematizar e apresentar os resultados dessa revisão. Nomeadamente, principais agendas de investigação, temas, teorias, autores, objetos, problemáticas, objetivos, desenhos de pesquisa e metodologias, bem como desafios de investigação em comunicação.
OA3 - Conseguir elaborar um exercício de desconstrução crítica e problematização teórico-metodológica de investigações em comunicação.
OA4 - Estar a par da multiplicidade de dispositivos metodológicos no quadro de uma investigação em ciências da comunicação no sentido de tomar decisões mais informadas.
P0 - Apresentação da UC: objetivos, bibliografia, calendarização e avaliação.
P1 - Como desenhar uma investigação em ciências da comunicação
P2 - A revisão da literatura
P3 - Como analisar criticamente investigação em ciências da comunicação
P4 - Estratégias metodológicas
A avaliação ao longo do semestre é desdobrada nas seguintes componentes:
a) Apresentação em aula (30%)
b) Trabalho final escrito (70%) de acordo com enunciado fornecido pelo docente.
A avaliação desta UC não contempla a realização de exame escrito final.
Treadwell, D., & Davis, A. (2019) Introducing communication research: Paths of inquiry (4ª. ed.), Londres, Sage
McQuail, Denis & M. Deuze (2020) McQuails Media and Mass Communication Theory (7ª. ed.), London; Sage
Kubitschko, S., & Kaun, A. (Eds.). (2016) Innovative methods in media and communication research. Cham, Palgrave Macmillan
Jensen, K. Bruhn (ed.) (2012) A handbook of media and communication research: qualitative and quantitative methodologies (2ª. ed.), London, Routledge
Hansen, Anders & Machin, David (2013) Media and communication research methods. London, Palgrave
Croucher, Stephen M. & Cronn-Mills, Daniel (2015) Understanding communication research methods: a theoretical and practical approach, New York, Routledge
Bryman, Alan (2016) Social Research Methods (5ª. ed.), Oxford, Oxford University Press
Berger, Arthur Asa (2019) Media and communication research methods: An introduction to qualitative and quantitative approaches, Londres, Sage
Schrøder, K., Murray, C., Drotner, K. & Kline, S. (2003) Researching Audiences: A Practical Guide to Methods in Media Audience Analysis. London, Bloomsbury
Rose, G. (2012) Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to Researching with Visual Materials. London, Sage
van Leeuwen, Theo & Carey Jewitt (2008) Handbook of Visual Analysis, London, Sage
Quan-Haase, Anabel & Sloan, Luke (2022) The SAGE Handbook of Social Media Research Methods, 2ª edição. Sage
Halfpenny, Peter & Rob Procter (2016) Innovations in digital research methods, London, Sage
Griffin, E., Ledbetter, A. & Sparks, G. (2019). A First Look at Communication Theory (10ª edição). New York: McGraw Hill Education
Flick, U. (1998) An Introduction to Qualitative Research. London, Sage
de Vaus, David (2014, 6a ed) Surveys in Social Research, New York, Routledge
Croucher, S. & Daniel Cronn-Mills (2018) Understanding Communication Research Methods: A Theoretical and Practical Approach (2a ed), London, Routledge
Corbin, Juliet & Anselm Strauss (2015) Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory: Londres, Sage
Bertrand, Ina & Hughes, Peter (2017) Media Research Methods. Audiences, Institutions and Texts (2ª ed.) New York, Palgrave
Bauer, M. W., & Gaskell, G. D. (2000) Qualitative Researching with Text, Image and Sound: A Practical Handbook for Social Research. London, Sage
Balnaves, Mark; Stephanie H. Donald & B. Shoesmith (2009) Media Theories and Approaches. A Global Perspective, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan
Métodos Avançados em Ciências da Comunicação
MÓDULO I (M I)
- Identificar e avaliar criticamente uma variedade de métodos de investigação utilizados pelos investigadores na área da comunicação.
- Proporcionar o desenvolvimento de competências práticas que permitam aos estudantes a recolha, análise e exposição de dados de investigação.
Principais competências a adquirir:
- Domínio das principais metodologias aplicáveis a contextos comunicacionais.
- Capacidade de identificar um problema de investigação, decidir sobre os objectivos da investigação e seleccionar os métodos e técnicas apropriados para levar a cabo a investigação.
MÓDULO II (M II)
Proporcionar uma formação avançada em tratamento qualitativo dos resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa, através do desenvolvimento de competências necessárias à utilização, em contexto académico e profissional, do software para Análise de Conteúdo - MAXqda(R).
MÓDULO I
1.Teorias e abordagens gerais às questões da investigação.
2. O primado da teoria. A construção dos modelos de análise.
2.1.Modelos de investigação qualitativos, quantitativos e mistos.
3. Metodologias lógico-dedutivas
4. Metodologias compreensivas
4.1. Fundamentos, características, objetivos e conceitos fundamentais.
4.2. Modelos e modelização da investigação qualitativa.
4.3. Principais técnicas qualitativas de recolha de informação. As entrevistas, as abordagens biográficas, a observação.
5. Selecção das unidades de observação e amostragem.
MÓDULO II
Design da pesquisa
Análise de Conteúdo: teoria e método
Análise de Conteúdo Assistida por Computador:
- Introdução ao MAXqda
- Codificação em MAXqda
- Codificação automática com Maxdictio
- Outputs do MAXqda
- Ferramentas visuais do MAXqda
Análise da relevância temática: Articulação entre o MAXqda e o Excel.
Análise quantitativa de conteúdo: desenvolvimento de análise estatística a partir das categorias conceptuais
Trabalho individual com nota mínima de 10 valores e correspondendo a 100% da avaliação.
O trabalho tem a estrutura de um projecto de investigação que traduza reflexão e aprofundamento de metodologias e técnicas a utilizar em Ciências da Comunicação.
A avaliação desta UC não contempla a realização de exame escrito final.
Bryman, Alan (2012), Social research methods. 4th Ed. Oxford University Press Inc., New York.
Lessard-Hébert, M; G. Goyette; G. Boutin (2005), Investigação Qualitativa ? Fundamentos e Práticas, Lisboa: Piaget
Ketele, J-M. e X. Roegiers (s/d), Metodologia de Recolha de Dados - Fundamentos dos Métodos de Observações, de Questionários, de Entrevistas e de Estudo de Documentos, Lisboa: Instituto Piaget.
Gigglione, R e B. Matalon (1992), O Inquérito-Teoria e prática, Oeiras: Celta.
Flick, U. (2005), Métodos Qualitativos na Investigação Científica, Lisboa: Monitor.
MÓDULO II
Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (2003). Mass Media Research: An Introduction. CA: Thomson/Wadsworth.
Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2007). Ethnography: Principles in practice. London: Routladge.
Gunter, B. (2000). Media research methods: measuring audiences, reactions and impact. London: Sage.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design ? Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. London: Sage.
Guerra, I. C. (2006), Pesquisa Qualitativa e Análise de Conteúdo, Estoril: Principia.
Estudos de Internet
Os Objetivos de Aprendizagem (OA) são os seguintes:
OA1. Compreender o desenvolvimento histórico dos estudos da Internet e dos seus principais referenciais teóricos.
OA2. Analisar criticamente a forma como a internet influencia vários aspetos da sociedade, incluindo as interações sociais, a cultura, a política e a economia.
OA3. Analisar questões atuais, como as desigualdades digitais, a plataformização e a governação.
OA4. Avaliar as implicações éticas e sociais das tecnologias da Internet.
Os OA estão alinhados com os métodos de ensino. As aulas permitem uma compreensão do desenvolvimento histórico e das estruturas teóricas, reforçada através de leituras e seminários críticos. Os estudos de caso e as discussões em grupo facilitam a análise dos impactos da internet. As apresentações dos alunos garantem uma familiarização com questões atuais e emergentes. As implicações éticas e sociais são integradas nos tópicos tratados na UC e em estudos de caso.
CP1. Introdução aos Estudos da Internet e aos seus principais quadros teóricos
CP2. Para Além de “Dualismos Digitais”: o Género, o Corpo e a interseccionalidade na era Digital
CP3. Desigualdades digitais: Divisões, acesso e Participação Digital
CP4. Os impactos das redes digitais na vida quotidiana e social dos utilizadores
CP5. Plataformização e a Economia Política da Internet
CP6. Internet e as crises epistémica, epistemológica e comunicacional
CP7. Redes, Governação e Política da Internet
CP8. Poder e Movimentos Sociais na Era Digital
Estrutura de Avaliação:
A avaliação será realizada em dois momentos essenciais, destinados a avaliar tanto a compreensão dos alunos sobre conceitos-chave como a sua capacidade de realizar investigação original.
Apresentação de Texto em Aula (30% da Nota Final):
Descrição: Cada aluno escolherá um texto relacionado com uma das áreas temáticas do curso. Apresentarão em aula uma revisão crítica e análise do texto escolhido.
Objetivos avaliados:
Compreender o desenvolvimento histórico e os fundamentos teóricos.
Analise criticamente os impactos sociais, culturais, políticos e económicos.
Avalie as implicações éticas e sociais.
Critério de avaliação:
Compreensão e explicação dos principais argumentos e teorias do texto.
Análise crítica e capacidade de contextualizar o texto dentro da literatura mais vasta de estudos da Internet.
Clareza, coerência e profundidade da apresentação.
Envolvimento com o público através de perguntas e respostas e discussões.
Trabalho Final (70% da Nota Final):
Descrição: Os alunos escreverão um ensaio crítico e argumentado num ponto específico do programa da UC. Este ensaio deve demonstrar a sua capacidade de se envolver profundamente com o conteúdo da UC e fornecer um argumento bem fundamentado.
Objetivos avaliados:
- Análise crítica dos impactos sociais, culturais, políticos e económicos.
- Identificação de questões atuais e emergentes.
- Avaliar as implicações éticas e sociais.
Critérios de avaliação do trabalho final:
- Profundidade de análise e argumentação.
- Integração de evidência teórica e empírica.
- Clareza, coerência e organização do trabalho.
- Originalidade e pensamento crítico demonstrados na argumentação.
Cronograma e Prazos:
Apresentação do Texto:
Seleção e aprovação do texto: Até ao final da Semana 3.
Datas de apresentação: Programadas ao longo das semanas 4 a 10, com base na relevância do tema.
Trabalho final:
Envio de proposta ou esboço de trabalho: Final da semana 8.
Esta estrutura de avaliação garante uma avaliação equilibrada da compreensão teórica, do pensamento crítico e das capacidades de investigação dos alunos, estando alinhada com os objetivos de aprendizagem e o conteúdo programático do curso.
Baldi, V. (2024). Otimizados e desencontrados: ética e crítica na era da inconsciência artificial. Braga: Húmus.
Cardoso G, (org) (2024). A Nova Comunicação. Coimbra: Almedina 2024
Cardoso, G. (2023). A comunicação da comunicação. As pessoas são a mensagem. Lisboa: Mundos Sociais.
Cardoso, G., da Costa, A. F., Coelho, A. R., & Pereira, A. (2015). A sociedade em rede em Portugal: uma década de transição. Coimbra: Almedina.
Castells, M. (2013). Communication power. Oxford: OUP Oxford.
Dutton, W. H. (Ed.). (2013). The Oxford handbook of internet studies. Oxford: OUP Oxford.
Espanha, R., & Lapa, T. (2019). Literacia dos novos media. Lisboa: Mundos sociais.
Van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford university press.
Van Dijk, J. (2020). The digital divide. John Wiley & Sons.
Webster, F. (2014). Theories of the information society. Londres: Routledge.
Altay, S., Berriche, M., & Acerbi, A. (2023). Misinformation on misinformation: Conceptual and methodological challenges. Social media+ society, 9(1)
Burgess, J., Marwick, A., & Poell, T. (Eds.). (2017). The SAGE handbook of social media. Sage.
Cardoso, G. et al. (2013). A sociedade dos ecrãs. Lisboa: Tinta da China.
Cardoso, G., Lapa, T., & Di Fatima, B. (2016). People are the message? Social mobilization and social media in Brazil. International Journal of Communication, 10, 22.
Cardoso, G., Accornero, G., Lapa, T. & Azevedo, J. (2017). Social movements, participation and crisis in Europe. In Manuel Castells, Olivier Bouin, Joao Caraça, Gustavo Cardoso, John Thompson, Michel Wieviorka (Ed.), Europe’s crises. (pp. 405-427). Cambridge: Polity Press.
Dahlgren, P. (2018). Media, knowledge and trust: The deepening epistemic crisis of democracy. Javnost-The Public, 25(1-2), 20-27.
Evangelista, R., & Bruno, F. (2019). WhatsApp and political instability in Brazil: targeted messages and political radicalisation. Internet policy review, 8(4), 1-23.
Graham, M., & Dutton, W. H. (Eds.). (2019). Society and the internet: How networks of information and communication are changing our lives. Oxford University Press.
Helsper, E. J. (2021) The digital disconnect: the causes and consequences of digital inequalities. EBSCOhost
Hirsch-Kreinsen, H. (2023). Artificial intelligence: A “promising technology”. AI & SOCIETY, 1-12.
Kitchin, R. (2014). The data revolution: Big data, open data, data infrastructures and their consequences. Sage.
Lapa, T. et al (2018) “As desigualdades digitais e a sociedade portuguesa: divisão, continuidades e mudanças” In Carmo et al (Orgs.) Desigualdades Sociais: Portugal e a Europa, Lisboa: Mundos Sociais.
Lima-Quintanilha, T., Torres-da-Silva, M., & Lapa, T. (2019). Fake news and its impact on trust in the news. Using the Portuguese case to establish lines of differentiation. Communication & Society, 32(3), 17-33.
Munn, L. (2022). Thinking through silicon: Cables and servers as epistemic infrastructures. New Media & Society, 24(6), 1399-1416.
Rowell, L., & Call-Cummings, M. (2020). Knowledge Democracy, Action Research, the Internet and the Epistemic Crisis. Journal of Futures Studies, 24(4).
Tsatsou, P. (2016). Internet studies: Past, present and future directions. Routledge.
Üzelgün, M. A., Giannouli, I., Archontaki, I., Odstrčilová, K., Thomass, B., & Álvares, C. (2024). Transforming Toxic Debates towards European Futures: Technological Disruption, Societal Fragmentation, and Enlightenment 2.0. Central European Journal of Communication, 17.
Zuboff, S. (2019). The age of surveillance capitalism. Profile Books.
Media e Mediações Socioculturais
1 - Abordar a comunicação via media como processo de construção de sentido e acção social.
Considerar as características dos media e do sistema de media no respectivo contexto, nomeadamente, como articulam entendimentos e interesses sociais, culturais, económicos e políticos.
Situar o desempenho dos media e o agir via media como vector de mediação social e potenciador de oportunidades que: resulta e tende a reproduzir as relações de força na sociedade; viabiliza influência que depende de envolvimento e adesão; propicia conhecimento, partilha e relação, cultura e entretenimento, rentabilidade, poder, controlo e dominação, susceptíveis de contestação e contraposição.
2 - Promover conhecimento teórico e capacidade de análise do desempenho dos media como recursos de comunicação e mediação, em diferentes vertentes da vida social.
3 - Desenvolver capacidade de pesquisa, selecção, apreensão de abordagens e problemáticas, formulação e apresentação de reflexão e problematização própria.
Os conteúdos programáticos desta unidade curricular visam o aprofundamento teórico e analítico de temáticas relacionadas com a elucidação do lugar e papel social dos media no tempo contemporâneo.
Tema geral
Comunicação, media e mediações na época das redes digitais
Temas específicos
Comunicação, media e mediação
Media, mediação e poder simbólico.
Informação, conhecimento, jornalismo e media.
Media, cultura e entretenimento.
Media, sociabilidade e comunidade.
Media, públicos e audiências.
Media, consumo e identidade.
Media, opinião pública, política e democracia.
Media, inovação e mudança social.
A avaliação atenderá à prestação nas apresentações, debates e seminários e à classificação do trabalho final: um paper sobre uma problemática da escolha do discente, concertada com o docente, dentro do âmbito temático de UC, com dimensão entre 3000 e 3500 palavras (cerca de 10 páginas A4).
LEISS et al,1990, Social Communication in Advertising, Routledge
LASH & LURRY,2007, Global Cultures industry, Polity
K. MONTGOMERY,2009, Generation Digital, MIT,Press
J. JONES,2004, Entertaining Politics, Rowman & Littlefield
J. CURRAN et al 2009, ?Media System, Public Knowledge and Democracy?, E J of Communication 24, Sage
H.ORNEBRING, et al(2004),?Tabloid Journalism and the Public Sphere?,Journalism Studies,5:3, Sage
G. MARCUS, 2002,Emotion in democratic politics, Pennsylvania U Press
CROTEAU & HOYNES,2005,Corporate Media and the Public Interest, Pine Forge
R. SILVERSTONE,2005,?The Sociology of Mediation and Communication?, in CALHOUN et al, The Handbook of Sociology, Sage
COWHEY & ARONSON,2009,The Political Economy of Innovation, MIT Press
CARON & CARONIA,2007,Mobile communication in everyday life, Montréal, McGill U Press
BRETON & PROULX, 2002,L?Explosion de la Communication a l?Aube du XXIe Siècle, La Découverte
BRIGS & BURKE, 2002,A Social History of the Media, Polity
Comunicação Estratégica
Pretende-se enquadrar a publicidade como um elemento do sistema de comunicação social, mas que possui objectivos pré-determinados, e verdadeiramente estratégicos.
É também objectivo revelar a publicidade como um discurso que valoriza o novo, o ideal de juventude, a cultura do efémero, a estetização dos produtos e a construção de universos imagéticos.
O objectivo da segunda parte consiste em promover a discussão e reflexão sobre qual dos cenários traçados por White e Mazur (1995) será mais pertinente para pensar o futuro das Relações Públicas. Pretende-se, assim, fomentar o pensamento crítico e a aquisição de competências que permitam a todos os que desejem tornar-se investigadores na área da Comunicação Estratégica,Relações Públicas ou da Comunicação no Interesse Público um elevado grau de conhecimento e capacidade de reflexão crítica sobre os fundamentos,problemas e desenvolvimentos desta disciplina tanto ao nível dos seus pressupostos teóricos como da sua prática profissional.
Esta unidade curricular organiza-se em unidades temáticas:
Na primeira serão abordadas as problemáticas da publicidade como estratégia de Comunicação e da relevância dos objectivos de comunicação; do discurso publicitário, da persuasão e dos apelos; das condicionantes do Consumo; e da dimensão psicológica do acto de consumo
Na segunda será abordada a noção de ?comunicação? no quadro delimitado pelas Relações Públicas:
a) a comunicação não é uma adenda às nossas acções mas um tipo especial de acção humana, uma acção humana intencional;
b) aquilo que significamos excede o que dizemos;
c) a linguagem está imbricada na trama que são todas as nossas actividades.
As RP como uma função estratégica de integração e desenvolvimento social permitindo às organizações conhecer e adaptar-se ao meio envolvente, promovendo e fomentando a negociação entre diferentes grupos visando o desenvolvimento social e económico.
Os doutorandos serão avaliados através de uma investigação de carácter individual.
White, J. e E Mazur, L. [1995] Strategic Communications Management, Addison, England.
Veríssimo, J.(2008) O corpo na Publicidade, Lisboa:Edições Colibri
Tellis, Geradrd (2004), Effective Advertising, Sage Publications, Califórnia
Searle, J. R.[1969] Speech Acts,An Essay in the Philosophy of Language, Cambridge University Press, New York, reimpresso 1994
Percy, Larry, Elliott, Richard (2005), Strategic Advertising Management, New York., Oxford University Press,
Lipovestky, Jilles(2007) A felicidade paradoxal, Lisboa, Edições 70
Grice, H. P.[1957] ?Meaning?, Philosophical Review, 66
Falconi, T.[2004] Governare le relazioni ? obiettivi, strumenti e modelli delle relazioni pubbliche, il sole 24 ORE, Milão.
Dilenshneider,R.[2010] The AMA Handbook of Public Relations, AMA, New York
De Pelsmacker P.; Geuens M.; Van den Bergh J.(2004), Marketing Communications - A European Perspective, London: Prentice Hall
Adam,J-M. & Bonhomme, M.(2000) La Argumentación Publicitaria, Madrid, Catedra
Tese em Ciências da Comunicação
Optativas recomendadas
O funcionamento das unidades curriculares optativas está sujeito a um n.º mínimo de inscrições.
A Comissão Científica do programa de doutoramento poderá emitir recomendações quanto à frequência de determinadas unidades curriculares optativas.
Para mais informação sobre as unidades curriculares existentes, consulte a página https://fenix-mais.iscte-iul.pt/units/iscte/informacao-geral.